The Ligier JS37 was a Formula One car used by the Ligier team during the 1992 Formula One season. Its best finish in a race was fifth, which it achieved twice.

For the 1992 season, team owner Guy Ligier secured the use of the Renault RS3 3.5 V10 engine, maintained by Mecachrome. The team initially used the RS3B model, before being upgraded to a supply of RS3Cs later in the year.

The chassis was designed by Frank Dernie, with some input from Gérard Ducarouge and using the aerodynamic research data and windtunnel model from the stillborn Reynard F1 project.  Although aesthetically pleasing, the JS37 was poor aerodynamically and needed to be revised during the season, as did the suspension. Prior to the start of the season, Alain Prost test drove the JS37 several times with a view to joining the team after his dismissal from Ferrari the previous year. However, he opted out of racing with the team and Érik Comas, Ligier's junior driver who had raced for the team the previous year, drove instead. Thierry Boutsen continued with the team having also driven for it during the 1991 season.